Liang ZHEN Yuexian CUI Dezhuang YANG Department of Materials Science
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin
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150006
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ChinaShenglong DAI Guifu YU Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials
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Beijing 100095
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China
材料科学技术（英）
The formation of precipitation free zone (PFZ) and its effect in a RSP AI-Li alloy has been studied. The results show that PFZ is easy to form when aged at 190℃,but there is no equilibrium phase on grain boundaries.The growth of PFZ in the alloy is different from that in conventional AI-Li alloys, The effect of PFZ is of great importance because of its large volume fraction in the alloy.It offsets the beneficial effect of RSP,and is thought to be an important factor that leads to the poor toughness and low ductility of RSP AI-Li alloy sheet.
关键词:
precipitation free zone
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QIAO Lijie LIU Rui XIAO Jimei University of Science and Technology Beijing
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Beijing
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China
金属学报(英文版)
The effects of stress components on nucleation sites and propagation directions of stress cor- rosion cracks in brass were investigated with specimens under mode Ⅱ and mode Ⅲ loadings. The results indicated that under mode Ⅱ loading,stress corrosion cracks nucleated on the site with maximum normal stress component and propagated along the plane perpendieular to the maximum normal stress,under mode Ⅲ loading,the stress corrosion crack was not evident on the 45°plane due to the general corrosion in aqueous solution with high NH_4OH concentra- tion,while stress corroded in aqueous solution with low NH_4OH concentration, numerous cracks with spacings of 10—150μm were found on the 45°plane with maximum normal stress and no stress corrosion cracks was observed on the plane with maximum shear stress.
关键词:
stress corrosion cracking
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Materials Science & Engineering C-Biomimetic Materials Sensors and Systems
The terminology of materials study inspired by biological systems or phenomena is analyzed at first. It is pointed that the term "bio-inspired" may be better than the terms "bionic" or "biomimetic", since the former is relatively easy to be accepted. The new trends of bio-inspired study of structural materials are analyzed in short. Some progress in bio-inspired design and processing of materials in this institute (IMRCAS) are summarized briefly in this talk, such as biomimetic design of worst bonding interface for composites; dumbell-like whiskers simulating animal bone; fractal tree reinforcement by mimicry of branched roots in soil; etc. The possibility of modification and recovery of materials by nonequilibrium bio-inspired treatment are further explored, including the nonequilibrium process under transient heating, dissipative structure and self-organization process of open system, inspiration by living process, influence of high intensive electropulsing on the working Life of materials, a possible way of fatigue recovery of materials and the healing effect of electropulsing in metals. Some tentative practice in biomaterial modification are also studied such as the reformed bamboo reinforced aluminium laminates, etc. A discussion on the methodology of bio-inspired study of materials consists briefly in the last part of the talk. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
关键词:
bio-inspired;bionic;biomimetic;structural materials;composites
Journal of Applied Physics
The dependence of yield strength, uniform elongation, and toughness on grain size in metallic structural materials was discussed. The toughness is defined as the product of yield strength and uniform elongation. The yield strength versus grain size can be well described by the Hall-Petch relation; however, the uniform elongation versus grain size is not well understood yet. A simple model involving the densities of geometrically necessary dislocations and statistically stored dislocations was proposed to estimate the uniform elongation versus grain size. Existing data for low carbon steels and aluminum indicate that, in the grain size less than 1 mu m, the materials usually exhibit high strength and low uniform elongation and, in the grain size greater than 10 mu m, the materials usually exhibit low strength and high elongation; in either case the toughness is low. However, in the grain size of several micrometers, the toughness is the highest. It is suggested that we should pay more attention to develop the metallic materials with grain size of several micrometers for structural applications. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics.
关键词:
nanocrystalline copper;nanostructured metal;steels;deformation;ductility;law
Advanced Materials
Popularization of portable electronics and electric vehicles worldwide stimulates the development of energy storage devices, such as batteries and supercapacitors, toward higher power density and energy density, which significantly depends upon the advancement of new materials used in these devices. Moreover, energy storage materials play a key role in efficient, clean, and versatile use of energy, and are crucial for the exploitation of renewable energy. Therefore, energy storage materials cover a wide range of materials and have been receiving intensive attention from research and development to industrialization. In this Review, firstly a general introduction is given to several typical energy storage systems, including thermal, mechanical, electromagnetic, hydrogen, and electrochemical energy storage. Then the current status of high-performance hydrogen storage materials for on-board applications and electrochemical energy storage materials for lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors is introduced in detail. The strategies for developing these advanced energy storage materials, including nanostructuring nano-/microcombination, hybridization, pore-structure control, configuration design, surface modification, and composition optimization, are discussed. Finally, the future trends and prospects in the development of advanced energy storage materials are highlighted.
关键词:
lithium-ion batteries;carbon nanotube electrodes;enhanced hydrogen;storage;metal-organic frameworks;double-layer capacitors;n-h system;carbide-derived carbons;ammonia borane dehydrogenation;ordered;mesoporous carbons;high-rate performance
